Sports Betting Has Come a Long Way, Baby, and Roxy Roxborough Gets Much of the Credit

Gambling was legalized in Nevada in 1931 but it tookRoxy got his wagering feet wet betting baseball totals.
until the 1940s that the pointspread came into being.In fact, he may have been the first player to regularly
Charles McNeil, a Connecticut bettor and bookmaker,check local weather reports, chronicling the velocity
generally is credited with the invention of theand direction of the wind, a factor which influenced
pointspread though, like so much in the history ofhow many balls left the ballpark and, by extension,
wagering, the facts are murky at best and open togame totals.
interpretation. At any rate, sports betting still was in itsLured to the other side of the counter by management
infancy, barely able to take its first baby steps beforeat the Club Cal-Neva in Reno, it wasn’t long before
the federal government applied its heavy handed childRoxy, armed with little more than a few hundred
rearing tactics.dollars and an idea, founded his then fledgling company,
In 1951, Congress imposed a 10 percent tax on sportsLas Vegas Sports Consultants, on his kitchen table. In
wagering, all but stuffing the sports betting baby backtime, LVSC’s client list grew to include 90 percent
in the womb. Then, in 1974, largely through the effortsof Nevada’s licensed casino sportsbooks.
of Senator Howard Cannon (D-Nev.), the tax wasWith a boost from Vic Salerno, the owner of dozens
dropped to two percent. Nine years later it was cutof wagering outlets under the Leroy’s banner and
again, to .025 percent, effectively launching the nowthe man who developed the computer system now
burgeoning era of sports betting.de rigueur in the industry, LVSC effectively helped
Indeed, in 1973, the year before the federal tax wastransport sportsbooks from the hand-written betting
dropped from 10 percent to two percent, there wereslip Stone Age into the technologically savvy modern
10 sportsbooks in Nevada and the handle was a paltrysports betting era.
$2.8 million.Roxy’s company not only supplied odds, but
“There was one black-and-white TV set at the oldinformation on injuries and weather conditions as well.
Churchill Downs book, and if the picture fluttered, a guyLater, the service added data that tracked line
would whack it with a broom,” rememberedmovements, including unusual wagers, alerting
oddsmaker Roxy Roxborough, the seminal figure insportsbooks to possible betting anomalies that had the
the rapid growth of the sports betting industry.potential to devastate their bottom lines.
Twenty years later, Nevada boasted over 100Well-dressed and well-spoken, Roxy was equally
sportsbook outlets with a handle of over $2 billion. Theinfluential in helping to obliterate the pejorative image of
numbers in the Silver State have tailed off a bit sincethe oddsmaker/bookmaker as some sleazy, poorly
the mid-nineties, Nevada’s loss the result of theeducated garish figure in a hound’s tooth jacket
proliferation of off-shore and Internet wagering outlets.with a diamond pinky ring and a cigar. Appearing on
The overall growth of sports betting remainstelevision shout-fests such as “Crossfire,” Roxy
staggering, with ESPN the Magazine estimating in awould vanquish the opposition, which included now NHL
2003 article that $63 billion is wagered annually onCommissioner Gary Bettman, with a series of
sports over the Internet. Other estimates run as highwell-argued points.
as $200 billion annually.Roxborough has retired from the business of pluses
The explosion of sports betting in the mid-eightiesand minuses and no one knows for sure what the
largely was the result of a daily double of goodcoming years will bring, but if the future of sports
fortune; the lowering of the federal tax and thebetting is only half as imaginative and innovative as its
emergence of Roxborough, who everyone callsglorious past, neither bet makers nor bet takers have
“Roxy,” as the face of sports betting.reason for concern.